Wood-turning machine



(No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 1. F. HANSON. I Wood Turning Machine. No. 235,526. Patented Dec. 14,1880.

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r P. HANSON;

Wood Turning Machine. lam- 35,526. Pateh'ted Dec. 14,1880,

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N. PETERS, PNOTOL\THOGRAFHER. WASHINGTON] D. O.

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. A F. HANSON. Wood Turning Machine.

1%. 235,526. Patenfed Dec. 14,1880.

Witne sses." I Fig. 4. Inventor:

N'FEIERS, PHOTO-UTHOGRAPNER. WA'SHIIGTON. D. C

FREEMAN HANSON,

PATENT FFICE.

or HOLLIS, MAINE.

WOOD-TURNING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 235,526, dated December 14, 1880. Application filed May :21, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FREEMAN HANSON, of Hollis, in the county of York and. State of Maine, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Wood -Turning Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to control the path described by the rotating wood in a woodturning machine, and hence the shape of the object out, by means of geared pattern-wheels or formers of any desired shape, which are made to revolve in unison with and describe the same path as the wood itself. The mechanism by which this is done is shown in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a top plan. Fig. 2 is a front elevation. Fig. 3 is an end view showing two positions of the cutting mechanism. Fig. 4 is a detail of the slotted uprights and bearings. Fig. 5 is a detail of the geared pattern-wheel and the small gear which moves it.

The same letters refer to similar parts in the different drawings.

. A is the table or frame-work, which supports the moving parts of the machine. B is a pulley on the driving-shaft a, and serves to impart motion to the apparatus. It is connected by the belt b withthe pulley B on the shaft to, which turns in the bearings c 0, fastened to the frame-work. The shaft a carries a pulley, B which rotates the cutting device by means of thebelt b, as hereinafter explained. It also supports the rods d d of the cutting mechanism, but allows them to rock back and forth, as hereinafter explained. The shaft a also carries the cone-pulley B which is connected by the belt b with a corresponding cone-pulley, B on the shaft O O are slotted uprights or posts fastened to'the frame-work A, the slots 0 0', Figs. 3 and 4, running longitudinally nearly the heightof the posts, and serving to hold the bearings c c, in which the shaft c turns, and act as guides for the movable bearings c 0 as hereinafter explained.

The shaft 01.? is provided at each end, near the bearings c c, with a small gear-wheel, g g, which acts upon thepattern-wheels or formers D D, which are carried on the shaft a".

The shaft a turns in the movable bearings c 0 which slide up and down in the slots 6 e of the posts 0 O. The two pattern-wheels are made of the same size and shape, and have geared or toothed outlines, which are acted upon by the gear-wheels g g, as before stated,

which are also duplicates of each other. The end of the shaft toward the cutting mechanism terminates in a flat surface or chuck, f, which is provided with short prongs h h, and serves to hold one side of the wood to be 0perated upon.

The arm '5 projects from the top of the mow able bearing 0 in the post 0 over the wood. After extending horizontally a distance large enough to allow the insertion of wood of the required thickness, the arm ibends downward, and is provided at its lower end with the revolving collar j, through which passes the setscrew or holder k, which presses against the wood held by the chuck f, and thus holds it firmly against the chuck f and prongs h it without interfering with its rotation.

It is obvious that many other devices which would hold the wood without interfering with its rotation mightbe used instead of that shown in the drawings.

No other support than the gear-wheels g g is provided for the pattern-wheels D D and shaft a and thus it is evident that the pat tern-wheels are held in contact with the gears g g by force of gravity, acting on the whole weight of shaft a wheels D D, bearings 0 0*, wood holding device, and the wood itself. Consequently the rotation of the shaft a and its gears g y will raise this whole mass against the action of gravity, or allow it to fall accordingly as the teeth engaged by these gears are on the longer or shorter radii of the patternwheels D D, when they are made of oval or polygonal shape, or, in fact, any shape other than circular. Every revolution, then, of these oval or polygonal wheels D D will raise the wood to be operated upon as many times as the wheels have longer radii, and lower it as many times as the wheels have shorter radii. Thus the wood will be made to rotate, and in rotating describe the path taken by the pattern-wheels D D; but in order to secure a smooth andeven motion ofthe wood, and hence of the pattern-wheels l) l), the weight of the latter and the mechanism connected with them does not come upon the teeth of the gears y g, in which case, by imperfect engagement of the teeth the motion might become uneven, and thus the finish of the wood be destroyed. To avoid this, the pattern wheels l) 1) and gears g g are provided with smooth surfaces at each side of the row of teeth, as shown in Fig. and it is upon these smooth surfaces that the weight referred to falls. Between these two smooth strips of surface, on the gears g g, is a row of projecting teeth, while between the corresponding surfaces of the pattern-wheels is a row of sunken teeth. The projecting-teeth of the gears g g, as shown in Fig. 5, do not reach the bottom of the spaces between the teeth of the pattern-wheels, and hence no weight comes upon the engaging teeth, which thus turn the pattern-wheels without regard to their weight.

Though I consider gravity as the most convenient force to be used to hold the geared pattern-wheels in contact with the gears on the stationary shaft, other forces may be used, if desired,such as weights and pulleys. ln such cases the pattern-wheels l) l) are to be placed at the side of the gears y g instead of above, and the movable shaft a slides horizontally instead of vertically.

It is evidently not necessary that the pattern-wheels should be regular in their outline, the only thing required being that the angles should not be sharp enough to interfere with their rotation. The outlines are necessarily geared or toothed to prevent slipping back, the force of gravity being continually exerted to keep the bearings 02 0 &c., at the lowest point of their path. Neither is their number limited to two, as it maybe desirable to increase the number for very heavy work, and for very light work a single pattern-wheel may suffice.

The cutting mechanism consists of the two rods (1 d, which rock back aml forth, and, as before mentioned, are supported by the shaft a, the short shaft or arbor a joining these two rods and rotated by the pulley 15, which is connected by the belt b with the pulley B, as before stated, and the cutter-head I, which is carried on the arbor a, aml to which the knife or chisel is fastened. The rods (1 d are fastened together by the cleats m 711, and the rod d is provided with a handle, 11, by which the whole cutting mechanism is shifted into its different positions, as shown in Fig. 3.

The stop p slides in guides on the under side of the table A, aml is used to hold the cutting mechanism at any desired distance from the wood or entirely away from it, in the position shown by the dotted lines of Fig. 3, when desired. It is provided with a longitudinal slot, e by means of which and the hinding-screw 0 and thumb-screw q it may be held at any desired point of its slide. The stop p t is also provided at one end with the cut or 1 opening r, which allows the stop to reach the upper cleat, m, and thus more the cutting mechanism without interfering with the motion of the belt I).

The operation of the machine is as follows: The wood, which may be of any desired size aml thickness. is held between the chuckf and holder k, as before stated. The machine is then started and the cutting mechanism brought into contact with the wood by the handle 12. The cutting mechanism is brought nearer and nearer to its vertical position, (shown in Fig. 3,) directly under the wood, according to the size of the shape desired. \Vhile the shape of the object cut depends, as before stated, upon the shape of the patternwheels, the size of that shape will depend upon the nearness with which the cuttingtool is allowed to approach the centerof rotation of the wood.

\Vhen it is desired to produce the smallest 1 size of a particular outline capable of being cut by a particular tool, the arbor is allowed to reach the vertical position shown in Fig. 3. When larger shapes of the same outline are desired the arbor is prevented, by the stop 1), from reaching this vertical position, and occupies some place between it and that shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 3. After the shape is formed the wood is removed and a new piece put on.

1 claim- 1. A wood-turning machine provided with the geared pattern-wheels D D upon a mova- 10o ble shaft, (1, for controlling the motion of the wood, and held in contact with the corresponding gears g g upon a stationary shaft, a, for imparting motion to said pattern-wheels, as hereinbeiorc shown and described.

2. A wood-turning machine provided with the. geared pattern-wheels D D, hung upon the sliding bearings c c, and held down, by gravity, upon the gears g g, which rotate upon a. stationary shaft, a all acting to impart rota- I10 tion to a chuck, j', and holder k, or other device which holds the wood, as hereinbefore described, and for the purposes specified.

3. The combination of geared pattern-wheels l) l), lnmg on a movable shaft, a, and bear- 115 ings c c, and acted upon by gear-wheels g g hung on a stationary shaft, a, with the toothet chuck f, set-screw It, arm i, and collar j for holding and rotating the wood, all as hereinbefore shown and described.

4. The combination, with a rocking cutting mechanism, of a chuck, f, set-screw k, and collar j for holding the wood, rotated by geared pattern-wheels D D and their operating mechanism, all arranged as hereinbefore described, 12 5 and for the purposes specified.

FREEMAN HANSON.

Witnesses:

GEO. E. BIRD, W. W. THOMAS, Jr. 

